In human males and females, how many pairs of chromosomes are identical?

$(a)$ Differentiate between:
$(i)$ Homologous organs and Analogous organs
$(ii)$ Pollination and Fertilisation
$(b)$ What do fossils tell us about the process of evolution?

What are the organs called that have a similar appearance and perform similar functions but have different basic structures?

New species may be formed if
$(i)$ $DNA$ undergoes significant changes in germ cells
$(ii)$ chromosome number changes in the gamete
$(iii)$ there is no change in the genetic material
$(iv)$ mating does not take place

What is molecular phylogeny?

Study the following cross and the self-pollination in $F_1$. Fill in the blank and answer the question that follows:
Parents: $RRYY \times rryy$
(Round,yellow) (Wrinkled,green)
$F_1$: $RrYy \times$ ?
(Round,yellow)
What are the combinations of characters in the $F_2$ progeny? What are their ratios?